Factors Affecting Physical Fitness b.ed notes | Importance of Physical Fitness b.ed notes

 

Health and Physical Education b.ed notes 

Factors Affecting Physical Fitness 

               Or 

Factors Influencing Physical Fitness 

 

1. Age - 

Life is mainly divided into five parts - infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. 

The fitness requirements of adolescence, adulthood, and old age differ, where physical changes and body organ development are occurring in adolescence, while maturity levels are achieved in adulthood. 

Similarly, physical activity decreases in old age. So there should not be one fitness program for every age group.

 

2. Gender – 

Before adolescence, boys and girls are almost identical in height, weight and other physical appearance. 

But in adolescence, physical and psychological differences emerge in them. 

Therefore, keeping these disparities in mind, different fitness programs should be developed for both the classes.

 

3. Heredity – 

Factors like shape, size, structure, height etc. are related to heredity which affect physical fitness and well-being. 

Factors related to athletic fitness The residence of speed, power and endurance also depends to some extent on the muscle fiber composition of the individual.

 

4. Proper training – 

The increase in physical efficiency depends on the proper training load given during the training process. 

If the training load is combined following the scientific principles of training, then adaptation is not a problem and physical efficiency is developed.

5. Balanced Diet – 

Unbalanced diet, irregular eating habits, malnutrition and under-nutrition reduce the physical efficiency of a person while balanced diet promotes physical fitness and well-being. 

A person should take a balanced diet according to his age, sex, weight, disease and physical activities to be performed.

 

6. Mental fatigue and stress – 

Factors such as mental stress, stress fatigue and anxiety also negatively affect physical fitness and well-being. 

Managing these mental factors through yogic techniques and spiritual guidance can improve fitness.

7. Rest – 

Proper rest and relaxation are also very important after hard work or intense exercise, otherwise there is a decrease in physical fitness. 

For recovery from fatigue caused by training or intense exercise, it is necessary that the principles of recovery be complied with. The training exercise should not be of time duration.

 

8. Environment - 

Climate, weather, temperature, pollution, and natural environment also affect physical fitness and health. 

Clean and safe natural environment is also helpful in achieving physical fitness.

9. Health problems – 

Physical fitness and well-being are also affected by health problems resulting from illness and injury. 

We should focus on curative and preventive aspects of health education so that physical fitness is not affected. 

Apart from this, smoking, drinking and consumption of harmful drugs also have a negative effect on physical fitness, so this type of addiction should be avoided.

 

Importance of Physical Fitness

Individuals of any age group can achieve and maintain a good level of physical fitness through regular physical activity or exercise. 

If you follow the principle of regular exercise and balanced diet with commitment, it will not only help you lead a quality life but also prevent you from incurable diseases and physical disabilities. 

Some of the important benefits of physical fitness are as follows-

 

Improved physical health – 

1. The efficiency of the heart and lungs increases. 

2. There is a decrease in the level of harmful cholesterol (LDL) in the body. 

3. Increases in muscle strength and endurance. 

4. The risk of diseases like heart disease and diabetes is less. Regular exercise lowers glucose levels in diabetics and increases insulin sensitivity, thereby reducing the risk of diabetes. 

5. Excess fat in the body is reduced and muscle tone is increased.

 

Improved Psychological Health- 

1. Regular exercise controls psychological factors like mental stress, fatigue and anxiety. 

2. Regular exercise develops the brain. Physical movements reduce the risk of problems like Alzheimer's disease, mental breakdown and depression. 

3. It helps the brain to release mood-enhancing substances called endorphins. With these elements, a person himself feels good health and happiness. 

4. It improves self-esteem, sense of self-realization and self-confidence in a person. 

5. It improves mental alertness, perception and information processing capacity of the brain in a person.

 

Improved Social Health – 

1. Self-image of a person improves. 

2. Ability to deal with social pressures in a person improves. 

3. Social harmony and opportunities for participation in social activities increase.